| Predynastic period | Early Dynastic | Old Kingdom | First Intermediate | Middle Kingdom | Second Intermediate | New Kingdom | Third Intermediate | Late period | Graeco-Roman period |
| Predynastic period | Early Dynastic | Old Kingdom | First Intermediate | Middle Kingdom | Second Intermediate | New Kingdom | Third Intermediate | Late period | Graeco-Roman period |
Djedefre ("enduring like Re") was the son of Khufu, and the first to adopt the name "Son of Re". He was only on the throne for a short period, and chose to build his monument at Abu Roash - some five miles from Giza. He also echoed third dynasty building techniques by excavating a trench terminating in a vertical shaft instead of building a pyramid and then cutting into the bedrock to create a chamber.
A mile south of Giza, at Zawiet el-Aryan is a pyramid of similar construction. The name Nebka was found daubed in red paint on some blocks and the name Djedfere was inscribed on a schist plaque, but it is unclear whether this pyramid was also the work of this pharaoh.
