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Hor-Aha ("Fighting Hawk") may have been the son of Narmer and his queen, Nithotep. He is represented on an ivory fragment found in her tomb performing a ceremony marking the unity of Upper and Lower Egypt. He took the throne name Men (established), but seems to have had a hard time controlling his country. Fragments found in contemporary tombs refer to rebels in Nubia, and foreign campaigns. A Temple to the Godess Neith (a warlike deity later associated with Athena) was established in Sais.
He founded Memphis (Men Nefer - established and beautiful) at a strategically important spot, and constructed a dam to reclaim land to the city. A legend tells that the king was attacked by wild dogs in the Faiyum, but his life was saved by a crocodile. He thanked Sobek (the crocodile god) by founding the city of Per Sobek ('House of Sobek', known to the Greeks as Crocodilopolis).
Tombs were constructed at the sites of Saqqara and Abdyos nearby by. Although the tombs were undecorated, and many were looted and damaged by tomb robbers and "archaeologists", a few labels and fragments have been recovered. It is now thought that Hor Aha was buried in Abydos, generally considered to be the Royal site. Nearby is a smaller tomb, in which labels were found naming Berner-ib (sweetheart). She may have been his queen as she also appears on fragments found in Queen Nihotep´s tomb.However, others suggest that Nihotep was his wife, and that they married to cement an alliance between Upper and Lower Egypt.Certainly, Hor Aha seems to have come from Upper Egypt and Neithotep came from Lower Egypt but there is no clear evidence to confirm the nature of their relationship. In any case, his son and successor (Djer) was born to a concubine.
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Nomen; Teti (recorded on the Abydos kings list) |
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Nomen; Ity (recorded on the Turin list) |
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Throne name; Men |