Turin Kings List

The Turin Canon was found on the reverse of a papyrus tax roll. It lists many of the pharaohs of ancient Egypt, including a number of gods! It was composed during the reign of Ramesses II by Theban scribes and so it presents the Theban political viewpoint. For example, it begins the Eleventh Dynasty with the founders of the Theban line rather than with the later reign of Monthotep II.

Column One

(Pre-Dynastic Horus God Kings)
Geb
Ausar (Osiris)
Setekh (Set)
Hor (Horus), Hor gods, 300 years
Djehuty (Thoth), 7,726 years
Ma'at, 100 years
Hor (Horus)
Hor (Horus)

Column Two

(Early Dynastic Horus Kings)
Meni (Narmer)
Teti (Hor Aha)
Iti (Djer)
Itui (Djet)
Khenty (Den)
Merbiapen (Anedjib)
Semsem (Semerkhet)
[Qe]beh (Qaa)
Baunetjer (Hotepsekhemwy)
Kakau (Raneb /Nebra)
Netjeren (Nynetjer)
[Uadj-n]s (Weneg)
Sened (Sendji)
Aaka (Neferkare)

Column Three

(Early Dynastic and Old Kingdom Periods)
[?]
Neferkasokar
Hudjefa
Bebty (Khasekhemwy)
Nebka (Sanakhte)
Djeserit (Djoser)
Djeserty (Sekhemkhet)
Hudjefa (Khaba)
H[uni] (Huni)
Sneferu
[?]
[?]
Kha[fre] (Khafre)
[?]
[?]
[?]
[?]
[?]Kaf (Userkaf)
[?]
[?]
[?]
[?]
[?]
Menkahor (Menkahor)
Djed (Djedkare)
Unis (Unas)

Forth Column

(First Intermediate Period Horus Kings)
[?]
[?]
[?]
[?]
[?]
[?]
[?]
Nitiqrty (Neterikare / Queen Nitocris)
Neferka
Nefer
Ibi
[?]
[?]
[?]
[?]
Neferkare
Khety
Senenh
[?]
Mer
Shed
H

Fifth Column

(First Intermediate and Middle Kingdom Period)
[?]
[?]
[?]
[?]
[?]
[?]
[?]
[?]
[?]
[?]
Wah (Montuhotep)
[?]
n
[?]
Nebhepetre (Montuhotep II]
Sankhkare (Montuhotep III)
pib (Amenemhet I)
ka (Senusret I)
[?]
[?]
[?]
[?]

Sixth Column

(Middle Kingdom)
Maakherure (Amenemhat IV)
Khutawyre (Wegaf)
Sekhemkake (Amenemhat V)
Amenemhatre (Amenemhat)
Sehotepibre
Iunfni
Sankhibre (Amenemhat VI)
Smenkare
Sehotepibre
Swadjkare Nedjemibre
Sobek[hotep]re
m[?]nbw
Auibre
Sedjef[?]kare (Amenemhat (Amenemhat VII)
Amenemhat Sobekhotep
User[?]Re[?]djer
[?]kare
[?]re (intef IV)
[?]ibre Seth (Seth)
Sekhem[?]Re[?]Sobekhotep (Sobekhotep III)
Kha-[sekhem]-Re Nefer-hotep, 11 years
Hwt-Re-her-Hor-sa
Kha-nefer-Re Sobek-hotep

PLATE VII

(Middle Kingdom)
Kha-hotep-Hor-Re, 4 years
Uah-ibya-ib-Re, 10 years, 8 months, 28 days
Mer-nefer-Re, 23 years, 8 months,18 days
Mer-hotep-Re, 2 years
Sankh-nes-wadj-tu-Re, 3 years
Mer-sekhem-in-[?]-Re, 3 years
Sudj-ka-Hori-Re, [5] years
Mer-ka-Re, 2 years
[?]
[?]
[?]
[?]-mose
[?]-[?]-Maa't-Re
[?]-Re-uben-Re
[?]-ka-Hor-Re
[?]-Re
[?]-Re
[?]
[?]-Hor
[?]-r-Re
Mer-kheper-Re
Mer-ka-[Re]

PLATE VIII

(Middle Kingdom)
Ne-hesy
Khaty-Re
Nebef-aut-Re, 1 year, 5 months, 15 days
Se-heb-Re, 3 years
Mer-djefa-Re, 3 years
Saa'-ka-Re, 1 year
Neb-djefa-Re-Re, 1 year
Uben-Re-Hor-Re
[?], 1 year
[?]-Re, 4 years
[?]-bin-Re-Hor-[?], 3 years
Aut-ib-Re
Her-ib-Re, life, prosperity
Neb-sen-Re
[?]-Re
Skheper-ren-Re, 2 year
Djed-Hor-kheru-Re, 2 year
Sankh-ib-Re
Nefer-tem-[?]-Hor-Re
Sekhem-[?]-Re
Ka-[?]-ut-kha-Re
Nefer-ib-[?]-Re
Ii-[?]-Re, life, prosperity, health
Khaa'-[?]-Re
Aa'-ka-Re
Smen-[?]-Re
Djed-djed-[?]-Re

PLATE IX

(Middle Kingdom and Second Intermediate Period)
[?]-Re
[?]
[?]
[?]-Re
[?]-Re
Snefer-[?]-Re
Men-[?]-Re
[?]-djed-djed-[?]
[?]
[?]
[?]
Inek-[?]
Ii-neb-[?]
Ip-[?]
Hab
Sa [son]
Hapu-kha
Shemes-su
Meni-[?]
Wer-kai [great height]
[?]
[?]-I-ka
[?]-Hor
[?]-ren
[?]-ka-Hor
[?]-ka-Hor
[?]

PLATE X

(Second Intermediate Period)
I-[?]
Sutekh-Hor-[?]
Nu-[?]
Hor-[?]
[?]
Iw-ibi-[?]
Mer-[?]-peh-Hor
Penen-set-[?]-n-sepet
Kher-hemaut-[?]
Khui-hemet
[?]
[?]
[?]
Seket-[?]
Ar-[?]

PLATE XI

(Second Intermediate Period)
Sekhem-[?]-Re, 3 years
Sekhem-Hor-[?]-Re, 13 years
Sekhem-Hor-s-[?]-Re, 1 year
Swadj-n-[?]-Re, 1 year
Neb-iry-au-Re
Neb-it-au-Re
Smen-dja-Re
Suser-sir-[?]-Re
Sekhem-shed-Waset-Re
[?]-Re
[?]
[?]-Re
[?]
[?]
User-[?]-Re
User-[?]
[?]-heb-Re
[?]
[?]
[?], 3 years
[?]-n-Re-Hor, 3 years